{"id":21000,"date":"2020-01-17T07:09:01","date_gmt":"2020-01-17T06:09:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zdravovek.eu\/?p=21000"},"modified":"2020-09-11T18:57:33","modified_gmt":"2020-09-11T16:57:33","slug":"mozkova-prihoda-mrtvice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zdravovek.eu\/cs\/mozkova-prihoda-mrtvice\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e9vn\u00ed mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda (mrtvice) – p\u0159\u00edznaky, l\u00e9\u010dba, n\u00e1sledky"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e9vn\u00ed mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda je \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed stav<\/strong>, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m doch\u00e1z\u00ed k nedokrven\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti mozku nebo ke krv\u00e1cen\u00ed do mozku<\/strong>. L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd se naz\u00fdv\u00e1 i apoplexie nebo iktus; laicky mrtvice. P\u0159i c\u00e9vn\u00ed mozkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhod\u011b rozhoduj\u00ed sekundy,<\/span> proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby i laici znali prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky tohoto stavu.<\/p>\n

Pokud je pacientovi pod\u00e1na l\u00e9\u010dba v prvn\u00edch f\u00e1z\u00edch, v\u00fdsledky nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9<\/strong>. P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si v\u00edce o mozkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhod\u011b!<\/p>\n\n

Co se d\u011bje p\u0159i c\u00e9vn\u00ed mozkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhod\u011b?<\/h2>\n

Mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda m\u00e1 podobn\u00fd princip jako infarkt myokardu<\/strong><\/a>, posti\u017een\u00e1 oblast v\u0161ak nen\u00ed srdce, ale samotn\u00fd mozek. P\u0159i mrtvici doch\u00e1z\u00ed k p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed dod\u00e1vky kysl\u00edku do ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti mozku<\/strong> a k po\u0161kozen\u00ed mozkov\u00fdch bun\u011bk.<\/p>\n

Zn\u00e1me n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed formy mrtvice:<\/p>\n

Ischemick\u00e1 mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda<\/h3>\n

\u010cast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed forma mrtvice<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 je zap\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u011bna ateroskler\u00f3zou<\/strong><\/a>. Ateroskler\u00f3za vznik\u00e1 vlivem st\u00e1rnut\u00ed<\/strong>, ale v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 n\u00e1nosy aterosklerotick\u00fdch plak\u016f maj\u00ed lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se nekvalitn\u011b stravuj\u00ed, nesportuj\u00ed a kou\u0159\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Rizikov\u00e9 skupiny<\/h4>\n

Poruchy, kter\u00e9 mohou zvy\u0161ovat riziko ateroskler\u00f3zy jsou:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. cukrovka<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  2. vysok\u00e9 hladiny cholesterolu<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n
  3. vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n Dobrou zpr\u00e1vou tedy je, \u017ee riziko ischemick\u00e9 mozkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhody m\u016f\u017eete\u00a0 v\u00fdrazn\u011b sn\u00ed\u017eit zp\u016fsobem \u017eivota. <\/span>\n

    Jak ischemick\u00e1 mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda prob\u00edh\u00e1<\/h4>\n

    A co se d\u011bje p\u0159i samotn\u00e9 ischemick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhod\u011b?<\/p>\n

    Tepna je ucpan\u00e1<\/strong>, \u010dasem se aterosklerotick\u00fd n\u00e1nos zv\u011bt\u0161uje a krev prot\u00e9k\u00e1 velmi pomalu<\/strong>. N\u00e1sledn\u011b se mohou tvo\u0159it sra\u017eeniny, kter\u00e9 ucpou c\u00e9vu a doch\u00e1z\u00ed k mrtvici.<\/p>\n

    \"Ischemick\u00e1
    Zdroj: 123rf.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Hemoragick\u00e1 mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda (krv\u00e1cen\u00ed do mozku)<\/h3>\n

    Hemoragick\u00e1 mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda je m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dast\u00fd typ mozkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhody<\/strong>, vyskytuje se u 13 % posti\u017een\u00fdch<\/strong>. Ozna\u010duje se tak\u00e9 jako krv\u00e1cen\u00ed do mozku. K ud\u00e1losti doch\u00e1z\u00ed tak, \u017ee c\u00e9vka v mozku vlivem vysok\u00e9ho tlaku krve praskne a za\u010dne krv\u00e1cet.<\/p>\n

    Rizikov\u00e9 skupiny<\/h4>\n

    U n\u011bkter\u00fdch lid\u00ed se v oblasti mozku vyskytuj\u00ed aneurysmata (vydut\u00e9 c\u00e9vky, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed riziko prasknut\u00ed)<\/strong>. Aneurysmy mohou vznikat vlivem ateroskler\u00f3zy<\/a> nebo neurologick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, u n\u011bkter\u00fdch lid\u00ed jsou v\u0161ak vrozen\u00e1. Nez\u0159\u00eddka se st\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee aneurysma nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky<\/strong> a o jeho p\u0159\u00edtomnosti se pacient dozv\u00ed pouze n\u00e1hodn\u00fdm vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00edm. Pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, neurochirurg navrhne odstran\u011bn\u00ed aneurysmatu. P\u0159i ulo\u017een\u00ed aneurysmy na rizikov\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b se v\u0161ak neoperuje.<\/p>\n

    Hemoragick\u00e1 mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt i jinou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu, j\u00ed\u017e je patologick\u00e9 propojen\u00ed v oblasti tepen a \u017eil<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    P\u0159\u00edznaky mozkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhody<\/h2>\n

    Ob\u011b formy mozkov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edhody maj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky, kter\u00e9 se objevuj\u00ed n\u00e1hle a rychle se zhor\u0161uj\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 mozkov\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edhoda p\u0159\u00edznaky?<\/p>\n