{"id":18565,"date":"2019-08-07T07:56:02","date_gmt":"2019-08-07T05:56:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zdravovek.eu\/?p=18565"},"modified":"2020-09-14T18:53:00","modified_gmt":"2020-09-14T16:53:00","slug":"cytomegalovirus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zdravovek.eu\/cs\/cytomegalovirus\/","title":{"rendered":"Cytomegalovirus – p\u0159\u00edznaky, diagnostika, l\u00e9\u010dba"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cytomegalovirus pat\u0159\u00ed do skupiny herpes vir\u016f<\/strong>. Najdete ho v t\u011ble v\u011bt\u0161iny lid\u00ed. Mnoho z n\u00e1s ani nev\u00ed o tom, \u017ee je naka\u017eeno. Je to proto, \u017ee virus nezp\u016fsobuje u zdrav\u00fdch lid\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky infekce. Nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd<\/strong> je hlavn\u011b u pacient\u016f s v\u00fdrazn\u011b oslabenou imunitou<\/strong> (pacienti po transplantac\u00edch, pacienti s HIV a podobn\u011b). Z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd je i v t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed<\/strong>, kdy hroz\u00ed p\u0159enos na d\u00edt\u011b. Zjist\u011bte, co to je cytomegalovirus, jak\u00e9 m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edznaky<\/strong> a jak\u00e1 je jeho diagnostika a l\u00e9\u010dba<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n

Co to je cytomegalovirus?<\/h2>\n

Jedn\u00e1 se o b\u011b\u017en\u00fd virus<\/strong>, kter\u00fdm se m\u016f\u017ee nakazit kdokoliv<\/strong>. Pokud se jednou nakaz\u00edte, virus z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v organismu po cel\u00fd \u017eivot. Pokud jste zdrav\u00ed, o p\u0159\u00edtomnosti cytomegaloviru s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed nebudete v\u011bd\u011bt. Pokud se v\u0161ak va\u0161e imunita oslab\u00ed, virus se m\u016f\u017ee znovu reaktivovat a zp\u016fsobit komplikace<\/strong>. Cytomegalovirus je nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd u t\u011bhotn\u00fdch \u017een. M\u016f\u017ee se toti\u017e p\u0159en\u00e9st na d\u00edt\u011b<\/strong>, u kter\u00e9ho by mohl zp\u016fsobit p\u0159\u00edznaky infekce.<\/p>\n

P\u0159enos cytomegaloviru<\/h3>\n

P\u0159i b\u011b\u017en\u00e9m kontaktu s naka\u017een\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem k p\u0159enosu nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed. Cytomegalovirus se p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed t\u011bln\u00edmi tekutinami<\/strong>, mezi kter\u00e9 \u0159ad\u00edme krev, sliny, mate\u0159sk\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko, ejakul\u00e1t, mo\u010d a slzy. Virus lze p\u0159en\u00e9st i na \u010dlov\u011bka ve f\u00e1zi remise, tedy tehdy, kdy\u017e virus nen\u00ed aktivn\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edznaky<\/h2>\n

P\u0159\u00edznaky se objevuj\u00ed obvykle jen u rizikov\u00fdch skupin<\/strong>, mezi kter\u00e9 \u0159ad\u00edme:<\/p>\n

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  1. novorozence a kojen\u00e9 d\u011bti<\/strong> – cytomegalovirus se neprojev\u00ed u 90 % naka\u017een\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed, u zbyl\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed se projev\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00fdm porodem, n\u00edzkou porodn\u00ed hmotnost\u00ed, \u017eloutenkou, poruchami jater, mikroencefalopati\u00ed (nevyvinut\u00e1 lebka) a podobn\u011b<\/li>\n
  2. lidi s v\u00fdrazn\u011b oslabenou imunitou<\/strong> – cytomegalovirus m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit pneumonii (z\u00e1pal plic)<\/a>, hepatitidu (z\u00e1n\u011bt jater), ezofagitidu (z\u00e1n\u011bt j\u00edcnu), kolitidu (z\u00e1n\u011bt tlust\u00e9ho st\u0159eva)<\/a>, retinitida (z\u00e1n\u011bt o\u010dn\u00edho pozad\u00ed)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    P\u0159\u00edznaky cytomegaloviru<\/h3>\n

    U zdrav\u00fdch jedinc\u016f <\/strong> se <\/strong> p\u0159\u00edznaky cytomegaloviru vyvinou z\u0159\u00eddka<\/strong>. Pokud se v\u0161ak objev\u00ed, \u010dasto se podobaj\u00ed infek\u010dn\u00ed mononukle\u00f3ze<\/a>:<\/p>\n